建站不啰嗦，上手跟我做（七）oracle 数据库下载和安装
oracle 数据库下载和安装
下载
oracle 数据库需要在官网下载
安装
以 linuxx64_12201_database.zip 为例
第一、依赖包安装
[root@localhost /]# yum install gcc gcc-c++ ksh libaio-devel libstdc++-devel compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libcap1 -y
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Determining fastest mirrors
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
base | 3.6 kB 00:00
extras | 3.4 kB 00:00
updates | 3.4 kB 00:00
(1/4): base/7/x86_64/group_gz | 166 kB 00:00
(2/4): extras/7/x86_64/primary_db | 180 kB 00:00
(3/4): updates/7/x86_64/primary_db | 2.4 MB 00:00
(4/4): base/7/x86_64/primary_db
[oracle@localhost database]$ rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat
[root@localhost ~]# yum install binutils compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
[root@localhost ~]# rpm -q binutils compat-libstdc++ gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-devel ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++-devel libXext libXtst libX11 libXau libXi make sysstat
binutils-2.27-34.base.el7.x86_64
package compat-libstdc++ is not installed
gcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
gcc-c++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
glibc-2.17-260.el7_6.3.x86_64
glibc-devel-2.17-260.el7_6.3.x86_64
ksh-20120801-139.el7.x86_64
libaio-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
libaio-devel-0.3.109-13.el7.x86_64
libgcc-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
libstdc++-devel-4.8.5-36.el7.x86_64
libXext-1.3.3-3.el7.x86_64
libXtst-1.2.3-1.el7.x86_64
libX11-1.6.5-2.el7.x86_64
libXau-1.0.8-2.1.el7.x86_64
libXi-1.7.9-1.el7.x86_64
make-3.82-23.el7.x86_64
sysstat-10.1.5-17.el7.x86_64
第二、解压
[root@localhost /]# cd /opt
[root@localhost opt]# ls
linuxx64_12201_database.zip
[root@localhost opt]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
-bash: unzip: command not found
[root@localhost opt]# yum install -y unzip zip
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
[root@localhost opt]# unzip linuxx64_12201_database.zip
creating: database/stage/globalvariables/
inflating: database/stage/globalvariables/variable.properties
inflating: database/stage/globalvariables/globalvar.xml
inflating: database/stage/install1.jar
inflating: database/runInstaller
[root@localhost opt]# ls
database linuxx64_12201_database.zip
第三、创建 oracle 用户和组
1、创建 oracle 用户
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd dba
[root@localhost ~]# groupadd oinstall
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root@localhost ~]# groups oracle
oracle : oinstall dba
2、修改 oracle 用户的密码
[root@localhost ~]# passwd oracle
Changing password for user oracle.
New password: 123456
BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters
Retype new password:
passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.
3、修改目录所属用户
[root@localhost opt]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/database
[root@localhost opt]# ll
total 3372752
drwxr-xr-x. 7 oracle oinstall 117 Jan 27 2017 database
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 3453696911 Mar 1 18:09 linuxx64_12201_database.zip
4、配置内核参数
[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
-bash: vim: command not found
[root@localhost etc]# yum install vim
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
* base: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* extras: mirrors.huaweicloud.com
* updates: mirrors.aliyun.com
[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf
# sysctl settings are defined through files in
# /usr/lib/sysctl.d/, /run/sysctl.d/, and /etc/sysctl.d/.
#
# Vendors settings live in /usr/lib/sysctl.d/.
# To override a whole file, create a new file with the same in
# /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there. To override
# only specific settings, add a file with a lexically later
# name in /etc/sysctl.d/ and put new settings there.
#
# For more information, see sysctl.conf(5) and sysctl.d(5).
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall = 1073741824
kernel.shmmax = 4398046511104
kernel.panic_on_oops = 1
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
net.ipv4.conf.all.rp_filter = 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter = 2
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
5、更改当前内核参数
[root@localhost etc]# sysctl -p
6、修改设置 selinux
[root@localhost etc]# vim /etc/selinux/config
# This file controls the state of SELinux on the system.
# SELINUX= can take one of these three values:
# enforcing - SELinux security policy is enforced.
# permissive - SELinux prints warnings instead of enforcing.
# disabled - No SELinux policy is loaded.
SELINUX=permissive
# SELINUXTYPE= can take one of three values:
# targeted - Targeted processes are protected,
# minimum - Modification of targeted policy. Only selected processes are protected.
# mls - Multi Level Security protection.
SELINUXTYPE=targeted
[root@localhost etc]# setenforce Permissive
7、禁用防火墙
[root@localhost etc]# systemctl stop firewalld
[root@localhost etc]# systemctl disable firewalld
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/firewalld.service.
Removed symlink /etc/systemd/system/dbus-org.fedoraproject.FirewallD1.service.
8、创建 oracle 安装目录
[root@localhost etc]# mkdir -p /usr/local/products/oracle12c
[root@localhost etc]# chown -R oracle:oinstall /usr/local
[root@localhost etc]# chmod -R 775 /usr/local/
9、配置主机名
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hosts
127.0.0.1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
::1 localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
192.168.1.193 oraclehost
9、配置 oracle 环境变量
[root@localhost ~]# su - oracle
Last login: Fri Mar 1 20:00:21 CST 2019 on pts/0
[oracle@localhost ~]$ vim .bash_profile
# .bash_profile
# Get the aliases and functions
if [ -f ~/.bashrc ]; then
. ~/.bashrc
fi
# User specific environment and startup programs
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/.local/bin:$HOME/bin
export PATH
export TMP=/tmp
export TMPDIR=$TMP
export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=oraclehost
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=cdb1
export ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/oracle12c
export ORACLE_SID=cdb1
export PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:$PATH
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
第四、安装 oracle
[oracle@localhost database]$ cd /opt/database/response
[oracle@localhost response]$ ls
dbca.rsp db_install.rsp netca.rsp
[root@oraclehost response]# vim db_install.rsp
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/usr/local/oraInventory
ORACLE_HOME=/usr/local/products/oracle12c
ORACLE_BASE=/usr/local/products
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
oracle.install.db.OSDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSBACKUPDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSDGDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSKMDBA_GROUP=dba
oracle.install.db.OSRACDBA_GROUP=dba
[root@oraclehost database]# ls
install response rpm runInstaller sshsetup stage welcome.html
[root@oraclehost database]# su - oracle
[oracle@oraclehost opt]$ cd /opt/database/
[oracle@oraclehost database]$ ./runInstaller -ignoreSysPrereqs -ignorePrereq -waitforcompletion \ -showProgress -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/db_install.rsp
Starting Oracle Universal Installer...
Checking Temp space: must be greater than 500 MB. Actual 29448 MB Passed
Checking swap space: must be greater than 150 MB. Actual 2047 MB Passed
Preparing to launch Oracle Universal Installer from /tmp/OraInstall2019-03-03_09-54-18AM. Please wait ...[WARNING] [INS-32016] The selected Oracle home contains directories or files.
ACTION: To start with an empty Oracle home, either remove its contents or choose another location.
You can find the log of this install session at:
/usr/local/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-03-03_09-54-18AM.log
Prepare in progress.
.................................................. 8% Done.
Prepare successful.
Copy files in progress.
.................................................. 17% Done.
.................................................. 22% Done.
.................................................. 27% Done.
.................................................. 32% Done.
.................................................. 40% Done.
.................................................. 45% Done.
.................................................. 50% Done.
.................................................. 55% Done.
.................................................. 60% Done.
.................................................. 65% Done.
.................................................. 70% Done.
.................................................. 75% Done.
.................................................. 80% Done.
....................
Copy files successful.
Link binaries in progress.
..........
Link binaries successful.
Setup files in progress.
..............................
Setup files successful.
Setup Inventory in progress.
Setup Inventory successful.
Finish Setup successful.
The installation of Oracle Database 12c was successful.
Please check '/usr/local/oraInventory/logs/silentInstall2019-03-03_09-54-18AM.log' for more details.
Setup Oracle Base in progress.
Setup Oracle Base successful.
.................................................. 95% Done.
As a root user, execute the following script(s):
1. /usr/local/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
2. /usr/local/products/oracle12c/root.sh
.................................................. 100% Done.
Successfully Setup Software.
[oracle@oraclehost database]$ su - root
Password:
Last login: Sun Mar 3 09:35:29 CST 2019 from 192.168.1.192 on pts/0
[root@oraclehost ~]# /usr/local/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of /usr/local/oraInventory.
Adding read,write permissions for group.
Removing read,write,execute permissions for world.
Changing groupname of /usr/local/oraInventory to oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete.
[root@oraclehost ~]# /usr/local/products/oracle12c/root.sh
Check /usr/local/products/oracle12c/install/root_oraclehost_2019-03-03_10-01-41-496169616.log for the output of root script
[root@oraclehost ~]# cat /usr/local/products/oracle12c/install/root_oraclehost_2019-03-03_10-01-41-496169616.log
Performing root user operation.
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /usr/local/products/oracle12c
Copying dbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying oraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copying coraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file as needed by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database is created
Finished running generic part of root script.
Now product-specific root actions will be performed.
Oracle Trace File Analyzer (TFA) is available at : /usr/local/products/oracle12c/suptools/tfa/release/tfa_home/bin/tfactl
[root@oraclehost ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 3 10:09:46 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> select status from v$instance;
select status from v$instance
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-01034: ORACLE not available
Process ID: 0
Session ID: 0 Serial number: 0
[oracle@RAC1 ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production on 25-SEP-2018 09:33:18
Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
System parameter file is /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RAC1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RAC1)(PORT=1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=IPC)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 - Production
Start Date 25-SEP-2018 09:33:20
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/RAC1/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=RAC1)(PORT=1521)))
The listener supports no services
The command completed successfully
[oracle@RAC1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production on Tue Sep 25 09:33:26 2018
Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
第五、创建容器数据库
createAsContainerDatabase
dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword OraPasswd1 \ -systemPassword OraPasswd1 \ -createAsContainerDatabase true \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName pdb1 \ -pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \ -automaticMemoryManagement false \ -ignorePreReqs
容器数据库是 oracle12 新特性，非容器数据库和 oracle11、oracle10 兼容
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \
> -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \
> -gdbname cdb1 -sid cdb1 -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp \
> -characterSet AL32UTF8 \
> -sysPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -systemPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -createAsContainerDatabase true \
> -numberOfPDBs 1 \
> -pdbName pdb1 \
> -pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -automaticMemoryManagement false \
> -ignorePreReqs
Copying database files
1% complete
13% complete
25% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
26% complete
30% complete
31% complete
35% complete
38% complete
39% complete
41% complete
Completing Database Creation
42% complete
43% complete
44% complete
46% complete
49% complete
50% complete
Creating Pluggable Databases
55% complete
75% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Look at the log file "/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1/cdb1.log" for further details.
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ cat /usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1/cdb1.log
[ 2019-03-03 10:15:17.079 CST ] Copying database files
DBCA_PROGRESS : 1%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 13%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 25%
[ 2019-03-03 10:17:17.390 CST ] Creating and starting Oracle instance
DBCA_PROGRESS : 26%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 30%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 31%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 35%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 38%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 39%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 41%
[ 2019-03-03 10:21:01.195 CST ] Completing Database Creation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 42%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 43%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 44%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 46%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 49%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
[ 2019-03-03 10:26:21.743 CST ] Creating Pluggable Databases
DBCA_PROGRESS : 55%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 75%
[ 2019-03-03 10:27:08.868 CST ] Executing Post Configuration Actions
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
[ 2019-03-03 10:27:08.869 CST ] Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/cdb1.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:cdb1
System Identifier(SID):cdb1
第六、创建监听
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 03-MAR-2019 10:34:16
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=)(PORT=1521))
TNS-12541: TNS:no listener
TNS-12560: TNS:protocol adapter error
TNS-00511: No listener
Linux Error: 111: Connection refused
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /opt/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ vim /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File: /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME =PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /usr/local/products/oracle12c)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
)
LISTENER =
(DESCRIPTION_LIST =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =oraclehost)(PORT = 1521))
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1521))
)
)
在Oracle用户（不是grid用户）下，将$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin/sqlnet.ora文件原来的SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION=8注释掉（如果没有sqlnet.ora文件，那么就创建一个），修改为如下的行：
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_SERVER=8
SQLNET.ALLOWED_LOGON_VERSION_CLIENT=8
[oracle@oraclehost /]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 3 11:52:33 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected.
SQL> select username from dba_users;
USERNAME
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SYS
SYSTEM
XS$NULL
OJVMSYS
LBACSYS
OUTLN
SYS$UMF
DBSNMP
APPQOSSYS
DBSFWUSER
GGSYS
SQL> alter user SYSTEM identified by 123456;
User altered.
重启后启动数据库
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ su - oracle
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ lsnrctl start
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 03-MAR-2019 12:01:19
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Starting /usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/tnslsnr: please wait...
TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
System parameter file is /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Log messages written to /usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/oraclehost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oraclehost)(PORT=1521)))
Listening on: (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oraclehost)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 03-MAR-2019 12:01:19
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 0 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/oraclehost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oraclehost)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 12.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Mar 3 12:03:09 2019
Copyright (c) 1982, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
SQL> connect /as sysdba;
Connected to an idle instance.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.
Total System Global Area 578813952 bytes
Fixed Size 8795328 bytes
Variable Size 301992768 bytes
Database Buffers 264241152 bytes
Redo Buffers 3784704 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL>
开机启动
[root@oraclehost ~]# vim /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
cdb1:/usr/local/products/oracle12c:Y
[root@oraclehost ~]# vim /etc/rc.d/rc.local
#!/bin/bash
#!/bin/bash
# THIS FILE IS ADDED FOR COMPATIBILITY PURPOSES
#
# It is highly advisable to create own systemd services or udev rules
# to run scripts during boot instead of using this file.
#
# In contrast to previous versions due to parallel execution during boot
# this script will NOT be run after all other services.
#
# Please note that you must run 'chmod +x /etc/rc.d/rc.local' to ensure
# that this script will be executed during boot.
touch /var/lock/subsys/local
##用oracle用户登录，运行lsnrctl start 脚本启用监听。
su - oracle -c "/usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/lsnrctl start"
##用oracle用户登录，运行dbstart启动数据库
su - oracle -c "/usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/dbstart"
[root@oraclehost ~]# cd /etc/rc.d
[root@oraclehost rc.d]# ls
init.d rc0.d rc1.d rc2.d rc3.d rc4.d rc5.d rc6.d rc.local
[root@oraclehost rc.d]# ll
total 4
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 70 Mar 1 17:51 init.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc0.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc1.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc2.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc3.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc4.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc5.d
drwxr-xr-x. 2 root root 45 Mar 1 17:51 rc6.d
-rw-r--r--. 1 root root 720 Mar 3 12:22 rc.local
[root@oraclehost rc.d]# chmod +x rc.local
重启后连接数据库
第七、创建非容器数据库
dbca -silent -createDatabase \ -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \ -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp \ -characterSet AL32UTF8 \ -sysPassword OraPasswd1 \ -systemPassword OraPasswd1 \ -createAsContainerDatabase false \ -numberOfPDBs 1 \ -pdbName pdb2 \ -pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \ -automaticMemoryManagement false \ -ignorePreReqs
容器数据库是 oracle12 新特性，非容器数据库和 oracle11、oracle10 兼容
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ dbca -silent -createDatabase \
> -templateName /usr/local/products/oracle12c/assistants/dbca/templates/General_Purpose.dbc \
> -gdbname orcl -sid orcl -responseFile /opt/database/response/dbca.rsp \
> -characterSet AL32UTF8 \
> -sysPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -systemPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -createAsContainerDatabase false \
> -numberOfPDBs 1 \
> -pdbName pdb2 \
> -pdbAdminPassword OraPasswd1 \
> -automaticMemoryManagement false \
> -ignorePreReqs
Copying database files
1% complete
2% complete
18% complete
33% complete
Creating and starting Oracle instance
35% complete
40% complete
44% complete
49% complete
50% complete
53% complete
55% complete
Completing Database Creation
56% complete
57% complete
58% complete
62% complete
65% complete
66% complete
Executing Post Configuration Actions
100% complete
Look at the log file "/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log" for further details.
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ cat /usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl/orcl.log
[ 2019-03-04 18:05:36.102 CST ] Copying database files
DBCA_PROGRESS : 1%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 2%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 18%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 33%
[ 2019-03-04 18:09:38.464 CST ] Creating and starting Oracle instance
DBCA_PROGRESS : 35%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 40%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 44%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 49%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 50%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 53%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 55%
[ 2019-03-04 18:11:55.039 CST ] Completing Database Creation
DBCA_PROGRESS : 56%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 57%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 58%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 62%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 65%
DBCA_PROGRESS : 66%
[ 2019-03-04 18:14:19.878 CST ] Executing Post Configuration Actions
DBCA_PROGRESS : 100%
[ 2019-03-04 18:14:19.889 CST ] Database creation complete. For details check the logfiles at:
/usr/local/products/cfgtoollogs/dbca/orcl.
Database Information:
Global Database Name:orcl
System Identifier(SID):orcl
配置 orcl 实例监听
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ netca -silent -responseFile /opt/database/response/netca.rsp
Parsing command line arguments:
Parameter "silent" = true
Parameter "responsefile" = /opt/database/response/netca.rsp
Done parsing command line arguments.
Oracle Net Services Configuration:
Profile configuration complete.
Oracle Net Listener Startup:
Running Listener Control:
/usr/local/products/oracle12c/bin/lsnrctl start LISTENER
Listener Control complete.
Listener started successfully.
Listener configuration complete.
Oracle Net Services configuration successful. The exit code is 0
设置 orcl 实例开机启动
[root@oraclehost ~]# vim /etc/oratab
#
# This file is used by ORACLE utilities. It is created by root.sh
# and updated by either Database Configuration Assistant while creating
# a database or ASM Configuration Assistant while creating ASM instance.
# A colon, ':', is used as the field terminator. A new line terminates
# the entry. Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', are comments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
# $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#
# The first and second fields are the system identifier and home
# directory of the database respectively. The third field indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the database should , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at system boot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same $ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
cdb1:/usr/local/products/oracle12c:Y
orcl:/usr/local/products/oracle12c:Y
[oracle@oraclehost ~]$ lsnrctl status
LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production on 05-MAR-2019 10:20:46
Copyright (c) 1991, 2016, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connecting to (DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=oraclehost)(PORT=1521)))
STATUS of the LISTENER
------------------------
Alias LISTENER
Version TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 12.2.0.1.0 - Production
Start Date 05-MAR-2019 10:18:11
Uptime 0 days 0 hr. 2 min. 34 sec
Trace Level off
Security ON: Local OS Authentication
SNMP OFF
Listener Parameter File /usr/local/products/oracle12c/network/admin/listener.ora
Listener Log File /usr/local/products/diag/tnslsnr/oraclehost/listener/alert/log.xml
Listening Endpoints Summary...
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=oraclehost)(PORT=1521)))
(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))
Services Summary...
Service "83285daeda985e67e053c101a8c0bc45" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "PLSExtProc" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "PLSExtProc", status UNKNOWN, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "cdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "cdb1XDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orcl" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "orclXDB" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "orcl", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
Service "pdb1" has 1 instance(s).
Instance "cdb1", status READY, has 1 handler(s) for this service...
The command completed successfully
使用 docker 安装 Oracle
docker 安装 oracle19c
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