建站不啰嗦，上手跟我做（三十四）Rocketmq 安装
安装 Docker
安装 RocketMQ
有两种方法可以安装 RocketMQ：使用官方镜像或者自己构建镜像。
使用官方镜像
查询官方镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker search rocketmq
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/foxiswho/rocketmq rocketmq 88
docker.io docker.io/apache/rocketmq 87
docker.io docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq Image repository for Apache RocketMQ 55
docker.io docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng rocketmq-console-ng 41
docker.io docker.io/xuchengen/rocketmq 单机版Apache RocketMQ方便开发者一键部署开发环境，已内置Dashboa... 31
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq Docker Image for Apache RocketMQ 23
docker.io docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq-broker Customized RocketMQ Broker Image for Rocke... 14
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq-dashboard Docker Image for Apache RocketMQ Dashboard 11
docker.io docker.io/king019/rocketmq rocketmq 9
docker.io docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq-namesrv Customized RocketMQ Name Server Image for ... 9
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq-broker Apache RocketMQ docker image for broker. 8
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq-console This repo has moved to rocketmq-dashboard,... 8
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq-nameserver Apache RocketMQ docker image for name server. 5
docker.io docker.io/pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng Deprecated use apacherocketmq/rocketmq-da... 4
docker.io docker.io/dyrnq/rocketmq This is a rocketmq docker image based Adop... 3
docker.io docker.io/apacherocketmq/rocketmq-operator RocketMQ Operator is to manage RocketMQ se... 2
docker.io docker.io/toyangdon/rocketmq-broker 2
docker.io docker.io/2019liurui/rocketmq-broker RocketMQ broker image for RocketMQ-Operator 1
docker.io docker.io/slpcat/rocketmq-exporter https://github.com/slpcat/docker-images/tr... 1
docker.io docker.io/aaronai/rocketmq-proxy-it 0
docker.io docker.io/apache/rocketmq-ci 0
docker.io docker.io/apache/rocketmq-operator Apache RocketMQ Operator 0
docker.io docker.io/foxundermoon/rocketmq-3.2.6 old version for inner usage for rocketmq 0
docker.io docker.io/pureinsights/rocketmq-broker 0
docker.io docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq-operator The Kubernetes operator for RocketMQ 0
拉取官方镜像
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq
a02a4930cb5d: Pull complete
90eb47c86343: Pull complete
43bf660f95f6: Pull complete
7f5ca7a20245: Pull complete
707a618112e3: Pull complete
4b527473eafb: Pull complete
fedd1d06c8ba: Pull complete
27782fcf3aef: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:b08556227ad8d169b7927f4c48335877cb10060e6781374ce5a644ea29f6fbe1
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq latest 09bbc30a03b6 4 years ago 380 MB
启动 nameserver
[root@localhost opt]# sudo docker run -d --name rmqnamesrv -p 9876:9876 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq sh mqnamesrv
484cd8209452552e42cac90a385abe37d8e333424ff476421c89001ca155df5e
[root@localhost opt]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
484cd8209452 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqnamesrv" 4 seconds ago Up 3 seconds 10909/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9876->9876/tcp, 10911/tcp rmqnamesrv
其中：
-d：在后台启动容器--name rmqnamesrv：指定容器名称为 rmqnamesrv-p 9876:9876：将容器内的 9876 端口映射到主机的 9876 端口link rmqnamesrv:namesrv：将 rmqnamesrv 容器与 rmqbroker 容器进行关联-p 10911:10911 -p 10909:10909：将容器内的 10911 和 10909 端口映射到主机的相应端口-e "JAVA_OPTS=-Duser.home=/opt" -e "JAVA_OPT_EXT=-server -Xms1g -Xmx1g -Xmn256m"：设置容器启动参数sh bin/mqnamesrv和sh bin/mqbroker -n namesrv:9876：指定容器启动命令
注：在新版本的 RocketMQ 中，Namesrv 已经支持 cluster 模式，可以启动多个 Namesrv 实例进行 HA 高可用，Broker 的配置文件中也支持 HA 高可用，可以通过配置文件中的autoCreateTopicEnable开启自动创建 Topic 功能。
启动 broker
[root@localhost opt]# docker run -d --name rmqbroker --link rmqnamesrv:namesrv -p 10911:10911 -p 10909:10909 -e "NAMESRV_ADDR=192.168.56.103:9876" -e "AUTO_CREATE_TOPIC_ENABLE=true" -e "AUTO_CREATE_TOPIC_DEFAULT_PARTITIONS=4" docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq sh mqbroker -n 192.168.56.103:9876
6bb584926cd7015427c3a09ee6a3530aa81cd3c5165dda72649765ae972b780f
[root@localhost opt]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6bb584926cd7 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqbroker -n na..." 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:10909->10909/tcp, 9876/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10911->10911/tcp rmqbroker
484cd8209452 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqnamesrv" 41 seconds ago Up 40 seconds 10909/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9876->9876/tcp, 10911/tcp rmqnamesrv
重启后启动 nameserver 和 broker
注意先启动 nameserver，然后启动 broker
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6bb584926cd7 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqbroker -n na..." 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:10909->10909/tcp, 9876/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10911->10911/tcp rmqbroker
484cd8209452 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqnamesrv" 41 seconds ago Up 40 seconds 10909/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9876->9876/tcp, 10911/tcp rmqnamesrv
[root@localhost ~]# docker restart 6bb584926cd7
Error response from daemon: Cannot link to a non running container: /rmqnamesrv AS /rmqbroker/namesrv
Error: failed to start containers: 59ded41503cf
[root@localhost ~]# docker restart 59ded41503cf
c68758b8a4d6
[root@localhost ~]# docker restart 6bb584926cd7
6bb584926cd7
[root@localhost ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
6bb584926cd7 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqbroker -n na..." 4 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:10909->10909/tcp, 9876/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10911->10911/tcp rmqbroker
484cd8209452 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqnamesrv" 41 seconds ago Up 40 seconds 10909/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9876->9876/tcp, 10911/tcp rmqnamesrv
构建自己的镜像
- 下载 RocketMQ 源码
git clone https://github.com/apache/rocketmq.git
- 构建镜像
cd rocketmq
mvn -Prelease-all -DskipTests clean install
cd docker
docker-compose up
验证安装
控制台镜像下载
[root@localhost ~]# docker pull docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng ...
latest: Pulling from docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng
e12c678537ae: Pull complete
8d9ed335b7db: Pull complete
3318dd58ae60: Pull complete
624ba6156166: Pull complete
c7a02d193df7: Pull complete
813b62320378: Pull complete
49e2d6393f32: Pull complete
0a2b7222259b: Pull complete
478657249124: Pull complete
5f8636e9fbb7: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:96e99d10eda871640b9529b75da30fa6ca85fc15722661acb9660639e6904fc3
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng:latest
[root@localhost ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq latest 09bbc30a03b6 4 years ago 380 MB
docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng latest 7df83bb6e638 5 years ago 702 MB
控制台启动
[root@localhost opt]# sudo docker run -d --name rmqconsole -p 8080:8080 -e "rocketmq.config.namesrvAddr=192.168.56.103:9876" docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng
3fa2ca80c7e5352c3e45522367ade8249f0a79f8a9978d18725b54e7a3a0913e
[root@localhost opt]# docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
3fa2ca80c7e5 docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng "sh -c 'java $JAVA..." 5 seconds ago Up 4 seconds 0.0.0.0:8080->8080/tcp rmqconsole
6bb584926cd7 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqbroker -n na..." 9 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 0.0.0.0:10909->10909/tcp, 9876/tcp, 0.0.0.0:10911->10911/tcp rmqbroker
484cd8209452 docker.io/rocketmqinc/rocketmq "sh mqnamesrv" 10 minutes ago Up 9 minutes 10909/tcp, 0.0.0.0:9876->9876/tcp, 10911/tcp rmqnamesrv
其中：
- `-d`：在后台启动容器
- `--name rmqconsole`：指定容器名称为rmqconsole
- `-p 8080:8080`：将容器内的8080端口映射到主机的8080端口
- `-e "rocketmq.config.namesrvAddr=<namesrv_ip>:9876"`：指定RocketMQ Namesrv的IP和端口
- `pangliang/rocketmq-console-ng:2.0.0`：指定容器的镜像名称和版本号
注：在上面的命令中，`<namesrv_ip>`需要替换成实际的RocketMQ Namesrv的IP地址。
484cd8209452552e42cac90a385abe37d8e333424ff476421c89001ca155df5e
通过 Web 控制台或者命令行工具验证 RocketMQ 是否安装成功。
Web 控制台
在浏览器中输入http://192.168.56.103:8080/，出现相应的控制台页面，即表示安装成功。
总结
Docker 可以帮助我们快速安装 RocketMQ，提高开发效率，加快项目部署。在实际使用过程中，我们可以根据项目需求进行相关配置，以满足不同的业务需求。
异常处理
[root@localhost ~]# docker run -d -p 18018:18018 -e "rocketmq.config.namesrvAddr=192.168.56.103:9876" docker.io/styletang/rocketmq-console-ng
016d5770fe4878206f6030b5dab1b607395cdea88983115bab9ccfb5892ace6b
/usr/bin/docker-current: Error response from daemon: driver failed programming external connectivity on endpoint infallible_bose (c9273752eaa32125d1fabb22f1e63e58f310ac56694c7ee4473e0ea15c0cb420): (iptables failed: iptables --wait -t nat -A DOCKER -p tcp -d 0/0 --dport 18018 -j DNAT --to-destination 172.17.0.4:18018 ! -i docker0: iptables: No chain/target/match by that name.
(exit status 1)).
这个错误可以看出是 iptables 防火墙配置的问题，可能是 iptables 并没有为容器分配正确的转发规则。建议先尝试将 iptables 重置为默认状态：
sudo iptables -F
sudo iptables -t nat -F
sudo iptables -t mangle -F
sudo iptables -X
然后重启 Docker 服务：
sudo systemctl restart docker
namesrv 对应的 ip
[root@localhost opt]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast state UP group default qlen 1000
link/ether 08:00:27:88:ef:61 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.56.103/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global noprefixroute dynamic enp0s8
valid_lft 576sec preferred_lft 576sec
inet6 fe80::8afe:5dbd:e19d:88fe/64 scope link noprefixroute
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: docker0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state UP group default
link/ether 02:42:a3:a9:32:1e brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 172.17.0.1/16 scope global docker0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::42:a3ff:fea9:321e/64 scope link
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
namesrv 的 ip 为 docker0 对应的 ip
发送消息失败
Caused by: org.apache.rocketmq.client.exception.MQClientException: The specified topic[测试] contains illegal characters, allowing only ^[%|a-zA-Z0-9_-]+$
For more information, please visit the url, http://rocketmq.apache.org/docs/faq/
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.Validators.checkTopic(Validators.java:125)
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.Validators.checkMessage(Validators.java:97)
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.impl.producer.DefaultMQProducerImpl.sendDefaultImpl(DefaultMQProducerImpl.java:436)
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.impl.producer.DefaultMQProducerImpl.send(DefaultMQProducerImpl.java:1049)
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.impl.producer.DefaultMQProducerImpl.send(DefaultMQProducerImpl.java:1008)
at org.apache.rocketmq.client.producer.DefaultMQProducer.send(DefaultMQProducer.java:204)
at org.apache.rocketmq.console.service.impl.TopicServiceImpl.sendTopicMessageRequest(TopicServiceImpl.java:204)
... 67 common frames omitted
这个异常表示指定的 RocketMQ 主题（Topic）名字包含非法字符。按照 RocketMQ 规范，主题名只允许包含以下字符：
- 大小写字母 a-z 或 A-Z
- 数字 0-9
- 下划线 _
- 短横线 -
- 百分号 %
如果主题名包含其他字符，就会出现该异常。
