docker 常用操作
docker 镜像加速
国内加速器:
网易加速器链接: http://hub-mirror.c.163.com
中科大ustc加速器链接:https://docker.mirrors.ustc.edu.cn
阿里云加速器 –需要注册阿里云帐号登录
Daocloud加速器–需要注册帐号登录
官方加速:https://registry.docker-cn.com
国内仓库
时速云镜像仓库
网易云镜像服务
DaoCloud镜像市场
阿里云镜像库
[root@test docker]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors":["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
"live-restore":false,
"experimental":true
}
[root@test docker]# sudo service docker restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart docker.service
[root@test docker]# service docker start
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl start docker.service
docker 版本
[root@test docker]# docker version
Client:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26
Package version: docker-1.13.1-203.git0be3e21.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: 0be3e21/1.13.1
Built: Thu Nov 12 15:11:46 2020
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Server:
Version: 1.13.1
API version: 1.26 (minimum version 1.12)
Package version: docker-1.13.1-203.git0be3e21.el7.centos.x86_64
Go version: go1.10.3
Git commit: 0be3e21/1.13.1
Built: Thu Nov 12 15:11:46 2020
OS/Arch: linux/amd64
Experimental: true
[root@test docker]# docker info
Containers: 25
Running: 0
Paused: 0
Stopped: 25
Images: 15
Server Version: 1.13.1
Storage Driver: overlay2
Backing Filesystem: xfs
Supports d_type: true
Native Overlay Diff: true
Logging Driver: json-file
Cgroup Driver: cgroupfs
Plugins:
Volume: local
Network: bridge host ipvlan macvlan null overlay
Swarm: active
NodeID: 9q7q34aglofyxpef5fu9kkzft
Is Manager: true
ClusterID: 3nsg4b15lh7o3mppxubs2p8sh
Managers: 1
Nodes: 1
Orchestration:
Task History Retention Limit: 5
Raft:
Snapshot Interval: 10000
Number of Old Snapshots to Retain: 0
Heartbeat Tick: 1
Election Tick: 3
Dispatcher:
Heartbeat Period: 5 seconds
CA Configuration:
Expiry Duration: 3 months
Node Address: 192.168.218.196
Manager Addresses:
192.168.218.196:2377
Runtimes: runc
Default Runtime: runc
Init Binary: docker-init
containerd version: (expected: aa8187dbd3b7ad67d8e5e3a15115d3eef43a7ed1)
runc version: N/A (expected: 9df8b306d01f59d3a8029be411de015b7304dd8f)
init version: N/A (expected: 949e6facb77383876aeff8a6944dde66b3089574)
Security Options:
seccomp
Profile: default
Kernel Version: 3.10.0-1160.6.1.el7.x86_64
Operating System: CentOS Linux 7 (Core)
OSType: linux
Architecture: x86_64
Number of Docker Hooks: 3
CPUs: 1
Total Memory: 487 MiB
Name: test
ID: 3FGN:UZTZ:JLAH:YGW4:IENS:7YHR:M553:WSNT:7QRI:BX4L:OGKA:EAUV
Docker Root Dir: /var/lib/docker
Debug Mode (client): false
Debug Mode (server): false
Registry: https://index.docker.io/v1/
Labels:
provider=generic
Experimental: true
Insecure Registries:
127.0.0.0/8
Registry Mirrors:
https://registry.docker-cn.com
Live Restore Enabled: false
Registries: docker.io (secure)
查询 docker 仓库镜像版本
[root@test docker]# docker search nginx
INDEX NAME DESCRIPTION STARS OFFICIAL AUTOMATED
docker.io docker.io/nginx Official build of Nginx. 14204 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/jwilder/nginx-proxy Automated Nginx reverse proxy for docker c... 1932 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/richarvey/nginx-php-fpm Container running Nginx + PHP-FPM capable ... 797 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/linuxserver/nginx An Nginx container, brought to you by Linu... 137
docker.io docker.io/jc21/nginx-proxy-manager Docker container for managing Nginx proxy ... 123
docker.io docker.io/tiangolo/nginx-rtmp Docker image with Nginx using the nginx-rt... 107 [OK]
docker.io docker.io/bitnami/nginx Bitnami nginx Docker Image 92 [OK]
从远程获取镜像
[root@test docker]# docker pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/nginx ...
sha256:4cf620a5c81390ee209398ecc18e5fb9dd0f5155cd82adcbae532fec94006fb9: Pulling from docker.io/library/nginx
Digest: sha256:4cf620a5c81390ee209398ecc18e5fb9dd0f5155cd82adcbae532fec94006fb9
Status: Image is up to date for docker.io/nginx:latest
[root@test docker]# docker image pull nginx
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/nginx ...
sha256:4cf620a5c81390ee209398ecc18e5fb9dd0f5155cd82adcbae532fec94006fb9: Pulling from docker.io/library/nginx
Digest: sha256:4cf620a5c81390ee209398ecc18e5fb9dd0f5155cd82adcbae532fec94006fb9
Status: Image is up to date for docker.io/nginx:latest
查询本地镜像列表
[root@test docker]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/bitnami/postgresql latest 01b87603926d 4 days ago 252 MB
runoob/centos 6.7 465d1b54afd3 8 days ago 191 MB
docker.io/nginx latest ae2feff98a0c 10 days ago 133 MB
docker.io/centos latest 300e315adb2f 2 weeks ago 209 MB
[root@test docker]# docker image ls
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
docker.io/bitnami/postgresql latest 01b87603926d 4 days ago 252 MB
runoob/centos 6.7 465d1b54afd3 8 days ago 191 MB
docker.io/nginx latest ae2feff98a0c 10 days ago 133 MB
修改镜像 tag
[root@test ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox <none> a9d583973f65 35 hours ago 1.23MB
[root@test ~]# docker tag a9d583973f65 busybox:latest
[root@test ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox latest a9d583973f65 35 hours ago 1.23MB
[root@test ~]# docker tag busybox:latest busybox:2.0
[root@test ~]# docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
busybox 2.0 a9d583973f65 35 hours ago 1.23MB
busybox latest a9d583973f65 35 hours ago 1.23MB
特殊镜像 busybox
[root@test docker]# docker image pull busybox
Using default tag: latest
Trying to pull repository docker.io/library/busybox ...
sha256:bde48e1751173b709090c2539fdf12d6ba64e88ec7a4301591227ce925f3c678: Pulling from docker.io/library/busybox
ea97eb0eb3ec: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:bde48e1751173b709090c2539fdf12d6ba64e88ec7a4301591227ce925f3c678
Status: Downloaded newer image for docker.io/busybox:latest
删除镜像
[root@test docker]# docker rmi 6fae60ef3446
Untagged: docker.io/training/webapp:latest
Untagged: docker.io/training/webapp@sha256:06e9c1983bd6d5db5fba376ccd63bfa529e8d02f23d5079b8f74a616308fb11d
Deleted: sha256:6fae60ef344644649a39240b94d73b8ba9c67f898ede85cf8e947a887b3e6557
Deleted: sha256:875bde2b9e2d99e7c1362993645a474fe621475c6fc1b1623c9ed5312b7bdeae
[root@test docker]# docker image rm 300e315adb2f
Untagged: docker.io/centos:latest
Untagged: docker.io/centos@sha256:5528e8b1b1719d34604c87e11dcd1c0a20bedf46e83b5632cdeac91b8c04efc1
Deleted: sha256:300e315adb2f96afe5f0b2780b87f28ae95231fe3bdd1e16b9ba606307728f55
Deleted: sha256:2653d992f4ef2bfd27f94db643815aa567240c37732cae1405ad1c1309ee9859
查询 docker 容器列表
[root@test docker]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
[root@test docker]# docker container ls
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
运行镜像
[root@test docker]# docker run --name busy1 -it docker.io/busybox:latest
/usr/bin/docker-current: Error response from daemon: shim error: docker-runc not installed on system.
[root@test docker]# cd /usr/libexec/docker
[root@test docker]# ls
docker-init-current docker-proxy-current docker-runc-current
[root@test docker]# ln -s /usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current /usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc
[root@test docker]# ls
docker-init-current docker-proxy-current docker-runc docker-runc-current
[root@test docker]# vim /etc/docker/daemon.json
{
"registry-mirrors":["http://hub-mirror.c.163.com"],
"live-restore":false,
"experimental":true,
"runtimes": {
"docker-runc": {
"path": "/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current"
}
},
"add-runtime": "docker-runc=/usr/libexec/docker/docker-runc-current",
"default-runtime": "docker-runc"
}
[root@test docker]# service docker restart
Redirecting to /bin/systemctl restart docker.service
[root@test docker]# docker run --name busy1 -it docker.io/busybox:latest
/ # ls
bin dev etc home proc root run sys tmp usr var
[root@test ~]# docker ps
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS NAMES
4b419e99375b docker.io/busybox:latest "sh" 30 minutes ago Up 30 minutes busy1
[root@test ~]# docker inspect busy1
[
{
"Id": "4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629",
"Created": "2020-12-26T10:16:15.62642303Z",
"Path": "sh",
"Args": [],
"State": {
"Status": "running",
"Running": true,
"Paused": false,
"Restarting": false,
"OOMKilled": false,
"Dead": false,
"Pid": 20599,
"ExitCode": 0,
"Error": "",
"StartedAt": "2020-12-26T10:16:15.86278471Z",
"FinishedAt": "0001-01-01T00:00:00Z"
},
"Image": "sha256:219ee5171f8006d1462fa76c12b9b01ab672dbc8b283f186841bf2c3ca8e3c93",
"ResolvConfPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629/resolv.conf",
"HostnamePath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629/hostname",
"HostsPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629/hosts",
"LogPath": "/var/lib/docker/containers/4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629/4b419e99375b99271ee0621dc45d8d32ee9d6f6a70602160737d5127430e1629-json.log",
"Name": "/busy1",
"RestartCount": 0,
"Driver": "overlay2",
"MountLabel": "",
"ProcessLabel": "",
"AppArmorProfile": "",
"ExecIDs": null,
"HostConfig": {
"Binds": null,
"ContainerIDFile": "",
"LogConfig": {
"Type": "json-file",
"Config": {}
},
"NetworkMode": "default",
"PortBindings": {},
"RestartPolicy": {
"Name": "no",
"MaximumRetryCount": 0
},
"AutoRemove": false,
"VolumeDriver": "",
"VolumesFrom": null,
"CapAdd": null,
"CapDrop": null,
"Dns": [],
"DnsOptions": [],
"DnsSearch": [],
"ExtraHosts": null,
"GroupAdd": null,
"IpcMode": "",
"Cgroup": "",
"Links": null,
"OomScoreAdj": 0,
"PidMode": "",
"Privileged": false,
"PublishAllPorts": false,
"ReadonlyRootfs": false,
"SecurityOpt": null,
"UTSMode": "",
"UsernsMode": "",
"ShmSize": 67108864,
"Runtime": "docker-runc",
"ConsoleSize": [
0,
0
],
"Isolation": "",
"CpuShares": 0,
"Memory": 0,
"NanoCpus": 0,
"CgroupParent": "",
"BlkioWeight": 0,
"BlkioWeightDevice": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteBps": null,
"BlkioDeviceReadIOps": null,
"BlkioDeviceWriteIOps": null,
"CpuPeriod": 0,
"CpuQuota": 0,
"CpuRealtimePeriod": 0,
"CpuRealtimeRuntime": 0,
"CpusetCpus": "",
"CpusetMems": "",
"Devices": [],
"DiskQuota": 0,
"KernelMemory": 0,
"MemoryReservation": 0,
"MemorySwap": 0,
"MemorySwappiness": -1,
"OomKillDisable": false,
"PidsLimit": 0,
"Ulimits": null,
"CpuCount": 0,
"CpuPercent": 0,
"IOMaximumIOps": 0,
"IOMaximumBandwidth": 0
},
"GraphDriver": {
"Name": "overlay2",
"Data": {
"LowerDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7e4edfc4e114f176b03360f6e05e3e73883e7df6db8598e79001546f9ecd4943-init/diff:/var/lib/docker/overlay2/55ebd5604ab5a7b04c548f74d7dba0e90101d2db0c06128d8660e86241d3285e/diff",
"MergedDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7e4edfc4e114f176b03360f6e05e3e73883e7df6db8598e79001546f9ecd4943/merged",
"UpperDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7e4edfc4e114f176b03360f6e05e3e73883e7df6db8598e79001546f9ecd4943/diff",
"WorkDir": "/var/lib/docker/overlay2/7e4edfc4e114f176b03360f6e05e3e73883e7df6db8598e79001546f9ecd4943/work"
}
},
"Mounts": [],
"Config": {
"Hostname": "4b419e99375b",
"Domainname": "",
"User": "",
"AttachStdin": true,
"AttachStdout": true,
"AttachStderr": true,
"Tty": true,
"OpenStdin": true,
"StdinOnce": true,
"Env": [
"PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin"
],
"Cmd": [
"sh"
],
"Image": "docker.io/busybox:latest",
"Volumes": null,
"WorkingDir": "",
"Entrypoint": null,
"OnBuild": null,
"Labels": {}
},
"NetworkSettings": {
"Bridge": "",
"SandboxID": "33e452ae1064b6f06323e10465ae0819b57780c587217d998193985ce8d0b034",
"HairpinMode": false,
"LinkLocalIPv6Address": "",
"LinkLocalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"Ports": {},
"SandboxKey": "/var/run/docker/netns/33e452ae1064",
"SecondaryIPAddresses": null,
"SecondaryIPv6Addresses": null,
"EndpointID": "11ef9041887bbee812a7f1b807cad88dec92a2d7a2d7b7ea1c725d3672e78568",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"MacAddress": "02:42🇦🇨11:00:02",
"Networks": {
"bridge": {
"IPAMConfig": null,
"Links": null,
"Aliases": null,
"NetworkID": "1641bcacd8b19005a41d83ecae9af649b7102518b410a03108c5c79d45a203cb",
"EndpointID": "11ef9041887bbee812a7f1b807cad88dec92a2d7a2d7b7ea1c725d3672e78568",
"Gateway": "172.17.0.1",
"IPAddress": "172.17.0.2",
"IPPrefixLen": 16,
"IPv6Gateway": "",
"GlobalIPv6Address": "",
"GlobalIPv6PrefixLen": 0,
"MacAddress": "02:42🇦🇨11:00:02"
}
}
}
}
]
进入 docker 容器
[root@test docker]# docker attach 58201fd4e8a6
停止运行的容器
[root@test docker]# docker stop 58201fd4e8a6
停止所有运行的容器
[root@test docker]# docker stop $(docker ps -q)
重启运行的容器
[root@test docker]# docker restart 58201fd4e8a6
重启所有运行的容器
[root@test docker]# docker restart $(docker ps -q)
删除容器
[root@test docker]# docker rm 58201fd4e8a6
删除所有容器
[root@test docker]# docker rm $(docker ps -aq)
[root@test docker]# docker stop $(docker ps -q) & docker rm $(docker ps -aq)
在容器内执行命令
[root@test docker]# docker exec -it 53414e2de4dc /bin/sh
# ls
bin docker-entrypoint.d home media proc sbin tmp
boot docker-entrypoint.sh lib mnt root srv usr
dev etc lib64 opt run sys var
查看容器内的日志
[root@test docker]# docker logs 1f33977e8548
/docker-entrypoint.sh: /docker-entrypoint.d/ is not empty, will attempt to perform configuration
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